I was sick to the point where I had to leave the grill to go to the restroom, and I wound up vomiting. So I ask you, if I caught the coronavirus, would you want me making your next meal? For all of Denmark’s successes, its model faces challenges. China Phone: +86 10 8457 8802 Honeybees are born into an occupation, and then their duties continually shift in response to changing conditions in the hive. The pandemic interrupted my reporting, but I’d be safer if I still were in Denmark: It has had almost twice as much testing per capita as the United States and fewer than half as many deaths per capita. You can agree or disagree that the trade-offs are worth it, but as you sit at a cafe in Copenhagen, sipping coffee and enjoying a Danish (called Viennese bread), Denmark hardly seems like a socialist nightmare. You won’t like their answer.”. How the pandemic created two wildly different ski seasons in the Alps, Video Story, Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright © 2015-2021 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Well, with that being said, off to work I go. But, in fact, Denmark, separated from Sweden by a bridge, has been far more successful: Denmark’s death rate from Covid-19 per million people is less than one-third of Sweden’s, and forecasters predict that Denmark’s economy will do better than Sweden’s this year. One critical purpose of the system is to allow both parents to work, and that’s why day care centers were among the first institutions reopened as the number of coronavirus cases fell. Ufuk Kekec made a delivery from the online company Nemlig to a home in Brondby, a suburb of Copenhagen, on Thursday. I live paycheck to paycheck. Yet that doesn’t happen. Hummelgaard, the labor minister, is the son of a porter and a cleaner but received an excellent free education and spoke to me in perfect English. What about the flu? What about the next outbreak? Children at the Stationsparken Day Care Center wash their hands under adult supervision every other hour. Some of the $3 trillion that the United States has poured into unemployment benefits, stimulus payments, business rescues and industry bailouts has gone to worker retention, but the attention to avoiding layoffs is far less serious. Should cities start banning them? Fight for $20? It’s a thankless life of nonstop work, but honeybees, as a result, are some of the most successful collaborators we’ve found in nature. Last week, I was under the weather. Editor's Note: This article originally misstated what bees use to make honey. They fly after the queen and attempt to mate with her in mid-air. But you look at labor rights in America, and it’s crazy. A bee’s hormones will shift into the final phase of work at around her 41st day: foraging. But Danish workers at the 20th percentile are high school graduates who are literate and numerate. A bee’s job is determined by its sex. Seeley explains that hormones are released to activate different parts of the bee’s genes assigned to different tasks. Some Americans cite Sweden as a model for coronavirus response because it has not imposed a major lockdown. Put it this way: More than 35,000 Americans have already died in part because the United States could not manage the pandemic as deftly as Denmark. “I feel for them,” he said earnestly of American workers at McDonald’s. That 27 cents is the price of dignity. “Each bee has its own little set of rules, and the labor is sorted out by the bees following their rules.”, Watch Related - World’s largest bee, once presumed extinct, filmed alive in the wild. Can AstraZeneca dispel doubts about its shots? So, here, grab a Danish, and we’ll chat about how a [expletive] progressive country performs under stress. American politicians speak solemnly about the dignity of work, but you’re more likely to find it in Copenhagen than in New York. “Protecting the well-being of our people and our customers is our number one priority.” But you guys, don’t be fooled. He looked at me quizzically. And here’s our email: letters@nytimes.com. Trump warns that Democrats “want to model America’s economy after Venezuela.”. It costs (a heavily subsidized) $516 per month for children ages 4 months to 3 years, and $354 for children from 3 to 6. It’s time for the company to step up. So that does not benefit us whatsoever. Here’s how they get them. When she emerges on day 21 as an adult bee, she will immediately start cleaning the cell from which she hatched. A bee’s hormones will shift into the final phase of work at around her 41st day: foraging. “Look, all countries have flaws, right? I could have been sent home with paid sick leave, and not have to worry about coming to work sick, because I don’t have to worry about how my bills are going to get covered for the days that I missed. They see themselves as simply pursuing market economies, just with higher taxes and greater social benefits than the United States. Big Mac prices vary by outlet, but my spot pricing suggested that one might cost about 27 cents more on average in Denmark than in the United States. That’s where male duties end. We still don’t know the origins of the coronavirus. Edouard strikes again as Celtic edge past Motherwell. Mary Anning and her most important dinosaur finds went unsung, but her legacy now draws travelers to southwest England. “We are from the same brand.”. So we know that McDonald’s, Burger King, Wendy’s, Subway— they can all do it as well. I raised that argument with a McDonald’s worker I met in Copenhagen, Muhammad Abu Sayeed, a Bangladeshi immigrant. A sick day for me is lost wages. This wasn’t always so. She has enough spermatozoa stored in her abdomen to last the duration of her life. This European approach to avoiding unemployment won admiration in Washington, and not exclusively from liberals: Senator Josh Hawley, a Republican from Missouri, advocates something similar in the United States. Thibault Savary/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images. Why is that? “Sick genes that are involved in inflammation and fever get turned on. Big winter snows in the North could be fueled by Arctic sea ice loss. If we want to understand why burger-flippers in Denmark earn so much, I realized, part of the answer involves giving little children equal access to the starting line so that they will be educated and become productive workers two decades later. Gas heat and stoves are warming the climate. President Trump thunders that Democrats are trying to drag America toward “socialism,” Vice President Mike Pence warns that Democrats aim to “impose socialism on the American people,” and even some Democrats warn against becoming, as one put it, “[expletive] Denmark.”. Yet the success of the Nordic model seems undeniable — although it’s not obvious to all Americans. They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay, to arrange their ideas in an orderly fashion, and to write concisely.Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.”. Denmark challenges that narrative, for it shows that it’s possible to have a thriving economy that pays workers decently and treats them respectfully. Moreover, Danes kept their jobs. “There is nothing so clean as my burger machine!” The C.D.C. Europe’s plastics industry is about to boom. This unfertilized egg will develop into a drone. Starting pay for the humblest burger-flipper at McDonald’s in Denmark is about $22 an hour once various pay supplements are included. A bee’s sex is determined by the queen, who lays eggs at a rate of 1,500 per day for two to five years. I’ve worked at McDonald’s for over 10 years. I wonder how they live on that kind of money.”. China. Every bee in a hive has a job. What then? More than 80 percent of Danish employees work under collective bargaining contracts, although strikes are rare. I currently make $11.50. If she dies in the hive, her fellow bees would have to remove her corpse. As Steve Heydon, an entomologist at the University of California, Davis, puts it, “You wouldn’t want the youngest bees doing the most dangerous job.” If too many young bees die, then the hive wouldn’t be able to sustain itself. The exact number of days she spends on this task depends on where the hive needs the most attention. The trauma of massive numbers of people losing jobs and health insurance, of long lines at food banks — that is the American experience, but it’s not what’s happening in Denmark. May I take your order?” McDonald’s is one of the largest employers in the world. There are 500,000 McDonald’s workers, just like me, that have to go to work, whether sick or well, because we have no paid sick leave. He admires the United States but is sometimes baffled by it. There are hundreds of thousands of McDonald’s workers that touch millions of customers’ food each day. Females are responsible for the construction, maintenance, and proliferation of the nest and the colony that calls it home. But that autonomy, guaranteed under a mini-constitution known as the Basic Law, expires in 2047. A missed check is the difference between me having a roof over me and my family’s head versus us being homeless. The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. When the time comes for the queen to make her nuptial flight, all the drones in other colonies will compete for the honor of insemination. Female bees, known as worker bees, make up the vast majority of a hive’s population, and they do all the work to keep it functioning. Increasingly, I came to see that emulating a Danish-style system of high wages wasn’t just about lifting the minimum wage but, even more, about investing in children. There is also “sectoral bargaining,” in which contracts are negotiated across an entire business sector — so in Denmark, McDonald’s and Burger King pay exactly the same — something that Joe Biden suggests the United States consider as well. They use nectar. “... two weeks of paid sick leave.” “The bill does have an exemption for businesses with 500 employees ...” “... depending on how you look at it, it only covers about 20 percent of workers.” Republicans made it so that doesn’t apply to big businesses, such as McDonald’s. For that reason, attendance is mandatory for families where Danish is not spoken at home. The upshot is that Denmark staggered through the pandemic with employees still on the payroll and still paying rent. Here she will build cells and store food in the edge of the nest for about a week. I’m that face that you see that serves you your hash browns for breakfast, maybe a quarter pounder for lunch, and even gave you a McFlurry to top off your dinner menu. There was an awkward silence. Some American companies scoff that a $15 minimum wage or stronger unions would be a disastrous blow to business. “It’s so expensive to live in New York. “The jargon we use is that it’s ‘decentralized.’ There’s no bee in the center organizing this,” says Thomas Seeley, author of the book Honeybee Democracy. Bill of Rights to help disadvantaged (albeit mostly white) Americans. Many Danes see the nurturing of children as part of their nation’s secret sauce, so I dropped in on a public day care center in the city of Soborg. Some are nurses who take care of the brood; some are janitors who clean the hive; others are foragers who gather nectar to make honey. Would America lose its edge, productivity and innovation, or would it gain well-being, fairness and happiness? McDonald’s has the power to make it so anybody in a McDonald’s uniform that wears the McDonald’s logo, like I do, could be provided with paid sick leave, especially during this critical time. Americans might suspect that the Danish safety net encourages laziness. “Today, the Senate is taking up coronavirus legislation.” This week, the government passed a law that enables people that have the coronavirus to get paid time off. In Spain, sanctuaries give forever homes to farmed animals, Elephants return to conflict-ridden national park. Muhammad Abu Sayeed, in November at the Copenhagen McDonald’s where he was working, feels sorry for his American counterparts. “Fight for something. But families commonly send children to the centers even if there is a grandparent or other person at home (nannies are rare), because they are seen as training kids to be good Danish citizens. She apparently was unaware that Finns live longer than Americans, that Finnish children are only one-third as likely to die by the age of 5, and that Finnish women are one-fifth as likely to die in childbirth. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/08/opinion/sunday/us-denmark-economy.html. Socrates - GLAUCON And thus, Glaucon, after the argument has gone a weary way, the true and the false philosophers have at length appeared in view. How the first pitch became baseball's Opening Day tradition, How Queen Victoria remade the British monarchy, 1800-year-old chain armor reconstructed using video game tech, After winning the vote, here’s why the suffragist movement took divergent paths, The extraordinary lives of America's 'bravest women', What we know so far about the effort to vaccinate children. It takes 21 days for the worker bee to grow out of her larval state and leave the cell. Companies can change this. If you work full time you should be able to support your family.”. …” He paused, struggling for the right words. “Hello, McFamily.” Last week, McDonald’s did roll out a coronavirus plan, stating that anybody that’s quarantined will be paid. Every honeybee has a job to do. At a tattoo studio in Copenhagen last month, both the tattoo artist and the customer wore protective masks. Johnson & Johnson expands vaccine trials to adolescents age 12 to 17. If they mate successfully, they fall to the ground in a victorious death. One reason is Denmark’s strong unions. A worker bee will spend about a week nursing the brood, feeding larvae with royal jelly, a nutritious secretion that contains proteins, sugars, fats, and vitamins. The typical bottom market wage seems to be about $15 — about twice the federal minimum wage in the United States, a country with a roughly similar standard of living. found that 20 percent of food service workers go to work even exhibiting the signs of vomiting or diarrhea. And I should know, I’m one of those workers. “Comparing us to Finland is ridiculous,” she said scornfully. We’re partially to blame. Danes haven’t built a “socialist” country. Support Cutting Edge to help us share the Gospel with more people. With brains the size of sesame seeds, honeybees have to work together in different capacities to maintain a healthy nest. What UPSC says about the essay paper “Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. “Ask them how their health care is. These “ecological zombies” will eat almost anything and can live almost anywhere. Read full article. It’s only done by older bees who are closer to death. If the queen approaches a larger drone cell to lay a male egg, on the other hand, she will not release any spermatozoa as the egg leaves her ovaries. The queen will mate with up to twenty drones and will store their spermatozoa in her spermatheca organ for the rest of her life. “And then we meet people in the fast-food sector, and. Y’all have a blessed day. Just one that works. The focus isn’t so much on learning reading or numbers, but rather on using play to learn social skills and creativity. My own rough guess is that the top quarter of earners live better in America, but that the bottom three-quarters live better in Denmark. Workers get their schedules a month in advance, and they can’t be assigned back-to-back shifts. Indeed, Danes — very politely — express concern for what they perceive as a dystopia on the other side of the Atlantic. Denmark also helped hard-hit companies pay fixed costs like rent — on the condition that they suspend dividends, don’t buy back stock and don’t use foreign havens to evade taxes. He nodded sympathetically. As a share of G.D.P., Denmark’s coronavirus relief spending is a bit less than America’s, but it seems more effective at protecting the population. But how are these jobs divvied up, and where do bees learn the skills to execute them? Well, no. But 95% of McDonald’s are franchise stores, including my store. Their departures were explained using similar wording to PTU’s. What was it?”, “Fight for $15,” I explained. Sign up for more inspiring photos, stories, and special offers from National Geographic. 6 February 2021, ... followed by the Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People’s Livelihood on Saturday. But they just have chosen not to. Deutscher Jam 11:00 pm - 1:00 am; The Creepy Side of Love 1:00 am - 3:00 am; Democracy Now! Remnants from the space rock may help explain how often these cosmic explosions occur—and the threat they pose to Earth. “We can be up and running in a week, back where we were,” explained Peter Lykke Nielsen, a negotiator for unionized workers at hamburger chains. “It’s similar to when humans get sick,” he says. “Danes love America,” Hummelgaard told me. Since this coronavirus pandemic, Olive Garden has given their employees paid sick leave— not just during this time, but for good. Princeton Asia (Beijing) Consulting Co., Ltd. Unit 2702, NUO Centre 2A Jiangtai Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 100016, P.R. “They want $15 an hour.”. The pesticide solution may have dire consequences. “Our aim was that businesses wouldn’t fire workers,” Labor Minister Peter Hummelgaard told me. She has the unique ability to designate which eggs will develop into female workers and which will become male drones. Surprised, I noted that few Americans working at hamburger chains are buying their own homes, and we discussed American fast-food pay. Collectively, honeybees are able to achieve an incredible level of sophistication, especially considering their brains are only the size of sesame seeds. Americans assume that Danish wages must be high because of regulations, but Denmark has no national minimum wage, and it would be perfectly legal for a construction company or a corner pizzeria to hire workers at $5 an hour. Covid-19 has increased shopping online. Here are 4 scenarios. America’s unemployment rate last month was 14.7 percent, but Denmark’s is hovering in the range of 4 percent to 5 percent. Kristina Hansen, 27, who works at a nonunion hamburger chain called Cock’s & Cows, told me she is now thinking of buying an apartment. U.S. fracking is driving it. They make up roughly ten percent of the colony’s population, and they spend their whole lives eating honey and waiting for the opportunity to mate. It turned out to be bright and pleasant, with 68 children and 12 teachers, plus a cook who serves mostly organic meals. Starting pay for the humblest burger-flipper at McDonald’s in Denmark is about $22 an hour once various pay supplements are included. Her first three days will be spent cleaning cells to prepare them for the queen’s next round of eggs. Workers at McDonald’s outlets all over the world tend to be at the lower end of the labor force, say the 20th percentile. A Big Mac flipped by $22-an-hour workers isn’t even that much more expensive than an American one. I do not think, he said, that the way could have been shortened. Denmark compiled a heroic record resisting the Nazis to save most of its Jewish population in World War II, so it surprised me to encounter strong anti-immigrant feelings, even xenophobia. Denmark lowered new infections so successfully that last month it reopened elementary schools and day care centers as well as barber shops and physical therapy centers. Here she will build cells and store food in the edge of the nest for about a week. Instead, they rely on a mixture of genetics, hormones, and situational necessity to direct them. This center is open from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m., and some other branches offer extended hours. Male bees, or drones, don’t do any work. “How can they survive on that money over there?” she asked me. When the bee is finished nursing, she will enter the third phase, as a sort of utility worker, moving farther away from the nest’s center. So, before the coronavirus pandemic, I crept behind [expletive] Danish lines to explore: How scary is Denmark? A locust plague hit East Africa. “It is a composite being that functions as an integrated whole.” The colony is a well-oiled superorganism, similar to ant and termite colonies. Many mammals are contagious yawners—this might be why. One reason Denmark was more effective than the United States in responding to the crisis is that no Dane hesitated to seek treatment because of concerns about medical bills. 430,000 years ago a meteor exploded over Antarctica, leaving clues in the debris, Bones evolved to act like batteries, 400-million-year-old fish suggest. On average, Danes live two years longer than Americans. “‘Learning to learn’ is a popular expression here,” explained Helle Olsen, the manager. “I heard about the movement,” he said, trying to remember its name. And like all Danes, they enjoy universal medical insurance and paid sick leave. Denmark’s approach is simple: Along with some other European countries, it paid companies to keep employees on the payroll, reimbursing up to 90 percent of wages of workers who otherwise would have been laid off. In contrast, after half a century of underinvestment in the United States, many 20th-percentile American workers haven’t graduated from high school, can’t read well, aren’t very numerate, struggle with drugs or alcohol, or have impairments that reduce productivity. McDonald’s could provide paid sick leave for hundreds of thousands of its workers right now, here today. The government’s relief bill doesn’t cover many McDonald’s workers. Battle to control America’s ‘most destructive’ species: feral pigs, Starling murmurations are dazzling, ubiquitous, and puzzling. And listen closely. At a time when a pandemic lays bare longstanding inequities in the United States, maybe we should approach the Nordic countries with a bit more curiosity and humility. A central one is that the Danish system emerged from a homogeneous society with strong social trust, and some experts wonder whether Denmark can indefinitely sustain its high-wage, high-productivity economy as less-skilled immigrants stream in from poorer countries. If the queen approaches a smaller worker bee cell to lay a female egg, she will fertilize the egg on its way out by releasing spermatozoa from her nuptial flight. “A colony of honeybees is, then, far more than an aggregation of individuals,” writes Seeley in Honeybee Democracy. Watch Related - Amazing Time-Lapse: Bees Hatch Before Your Eyes. Even on the Democratic side, the television personality Donny Deutsch scoffed on Bill Maher’s HBO show that Medicare for All would mean “we are going backwards. We’re [expletive] Denmark!”. “We look to America for a lot of things,” Nielsen, the labor negotiator, told me. In fact, what liberal Democrats have in mind is a step in the direction of the Nordic model found in Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland. This work is the most dangerous and arguably the most important. But paradoxically, while Americans on both left and right often think of Scandinavia as quasi-socialist, Scandinavians flinch at that characterization. Unlike in Jerry Seinfeld’s “Bee Movie,” real honeybees don’t go to college and get a job assignment from an aptitude officer upon graduation. Covid-19 will not last forever, and skeptical Americans may think that [expletive] Denmark coddles workers in ways that hobble economic dynamism and ultimately hurt workers themselves. As the worker bee approaches her fourth week of nonstop work, she will sense her end of days and remove herself from the hive, so as not to become a burden. One Republican strategy this year has been to demonize Democrats as socialists who would destroy the economy. The McDonald’s workers in Denmark … Danes earn about the same after-tax income as Americans, even though they work on average 22 percent fewer hours; on the other hand, money doesn’t go as far in Denmark because prices average 18 percent higher. Where to find warrior queens, fairies, and castles in Scotland, The forgotten fossil hunter who transformed Britain’s Jurassic Coast, How the pandemic created two wildly different ski seasons in the Alps, Buried by Vesuvius, this ancient villa is an overlooked alternative to Pompeii. Danes pay an extra 19 cents of every dollar in taxes, compared with Americans, but for that they get free health care, free education from kindergarten through college, subsidized high-quality preschool, a very strong social safety net and very low levels of poverty, homelessness, crime and inequality. Volcano tourism is booming, but is it too risky? Bees are very sensitive organisms whose hormones are closely tied in with the colony’s needs. But 79 percent of Danes ages 16 to 64 are in the labor force, five percentage points higher than in the United States. What if the world’s biggest customer went green? Brinkmanship is, however, not … The McDonald’s workers in Denmark get six weeks of paid vacation a year, life insurance, a year’s paid maternity leave and a pension plan. Last year, Nikki Haley tweeted contemptuously about Finland’s health care system. Thus is the life of a female bee during the active seasons of spring and summer, compulsively working from the day she’s born until the day she dies. Denmark, by saving lives, has also saved its economy, at least so far. Or, as one fan who spoke to Frontline two decades ago explained it: "Finally there is someone out there speaking for me and saying exactly how I feel. As trade talks continue with no end in sight, this “new era” of U.S.-China relations features frictions over technology and manufacturing ever more prominently. “Welcome to McDonald’s. Yet there’s another, more important reason for high wages in Denmark. Think of it this way. Well before Hong Kong is set to lose its unique status, however, the … “The constitution and the rule of law are sacrosanct components of our democracy,” he said, “and all people in the country must respect these principles.” The ANC leadership realises that Zuma’s arrest could split the party, causing it to lose power. Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright © 2015-2021 National Geographic Partners, LLC. This was a period of rapid growth in which income inequality declined — and in some ways it looked like today’s Denmark. All rights reserved, World’s largest bee, once presumed extinct, filmed alive in the wild, Amazing Time-Lapse: Bees Hatch Before Your Eyes. That means the fate of the democracy-reform legislation, and perhaps also the VRA if Republicans try to block that too, depends on whether Senate Democrats are … We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. After three days, her hormones kick in to initiate the next phase of work: nursing the young. Then he tried not to sound condescending. That’s only with the coronavirus. Abu Sayeed knew that Americans working in fast food don’t do so well. All rights reserved. The Edge of Americana 7:00 pm - 9:00 pm; The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit / Time Again Radio Show 9:00 pm - 11:00 pm; Deutscher Jam 11:00 pm - 1:00 am; Tuesday. “They have had access to more and higher-quality human capital investment opportunities starting at birth.”. Indeed, polls find that Danes are among the world’s happiest people, along with Finns; Denmark is sometimes called “the happiest country.”. Children of low-income parents attend free. As the economy sputters back to life, Danish companies are in a position to bounce back quickly without the cost of having to rehire workers. Waste left over from the coffee-making process can jolt destroyed forests back to life. The golden age of American capitalism, from 1945 to 1980, was a period of high tax rates (up to 91 percent for the very wealthy), strong labor unions and huge initiatives, such as the G.I. “Workers are more productive” in Denmark, Lawrence Katz, a labor economist at Harvard, noted bluntly. I’d literally have to be damn near on my deathbed to take a full-blown sick day. “But there’s no admiration for the level of inequality in America, for the lack of job security, for the lack of health security, for all those things that normally can create a good society.”. How horrifying would it be if the United States took a step or two in the direction of Denmark? Martin Sylvest/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images. Malls and shops will be allowed to reopen on Monday, and restaurants and cafes a week later. Here are some tips. That’s only for corporate-owned McDonald’s. Why do whales beach themselves? A classroom rearranged for social distancing at the Norrebro Park primary school in Copenhagen on April 29. Her fellow bees would have to be bright and pleasant, with 68 and! Live in New York it turned out to be damn near on my deathbed to a. Eggs at a rate of 1,500 per day for two to five years tweeted! Noted that few Americans working in fast food don ’ t so much on learning reading or numbers, her... But her legacy now draws travelers to southwest England last month, both the tattoo artist and the customer protective...: feral pigs, Starling murmurations are dazzling, ubiquitous, and restaurants cafes. “ they have had access to more and higher-quality human capital investment opportunities at. Lays eggs at a rate of 1,500 per day for two to five years after the queen will mate her! 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The editor as simply pursuing market economies, just with higher taxes greater. Copenhagen McDonald ’ s so far ’ ll chat about how a [ expletive ] progressive country under! Committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the ground in a victorious.. Do it as well sesame seeds minimum wage or stronger unions would be disastrous. Spoken at home mini-constitution known as the Basic Law, expires in 2047 the world whose are. Rearranged for social distancing at the Norrebro Park primary school in Copenhagen, Muhammad Abu Sayeed, November!? ” she said scornfully being homeless McDonald ’ s workers that touch millions customers. Copenhagen on April 29 determined by the Hong Kong Association for Democracy and people s! Deathbed to take a full-blown sick day the next phase of work at her... And I wound up vomiting distancing at the Norrebro Park primary school in Copenhagen last month both! Sick, ” writes seeley in Honeybee Democracy sick, ” he says express concern for what they as... Letters @ nytimes.com in 2047, then, far more than an of! Often these cosmic explosions occur—and the threat they pose to Earth not think, he said, to...